# 18 U.S.C. ch. 90 — Protection of Trade Secrets (Economic Espionage / Defend Trade Secrets Act, §§ 1831–1839) URL: https://consilena.com/coverage/laws/ksrc_7s3ksewgxvz9y55g - Jurisdiction: United States - Type: Statute - Identifier: /us/usc/t18/ptI/ch90 - Current as of: 11 October 1996 - Provisions: 9 - Official text: https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title18/part1/chapter90&edition=prelim > The library is a research copy. Check the official source before relying on a provision: the text published there, not the copy in Consilena, is the law. ## Provisions ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1833. — Exceptions to prohibitions"] - **Exceptions to prohibitions"] Exceptions to prohibitions**: — Exceptions to prohibitions (a) In General .— This chapter does not prohibit or create a private right of action for— (1) any otherwise lawful activity… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1836. — Civil proceedings"] - **Civil proceedings"] Civil proceedings**: — Civil proceedings (a) The Attorney General may, in a civil action, obtain appropriate injunctive relief against any violation of this chapter. (b) Private… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1838. — Construction with other laws"] - **Construction with other laws"] Construction with other laws**: — Construction with other laws Except as provided in section 1833(b), this chapter shall not be construed to preempt or displace any other remedies, whether… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1835. — Orders to preserve confidentiality"] - **Orders to preserve confidentiality"] Orders to preserve confidentiality**: — Orders to preserve confidentiality (a) In General .— In any prosecution or other proceeding under this chapter, the court shall enter such orders and take… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1831. — Economic espionage"] - **Economic espionage"] Economic espionage**: — Economic espionage (a) In General .— Whoever, intending or knowing that the offense will benefit any foreign government, foreign instrumentality, or foreign… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1832. — Theft of trade secrets"] - **Theft of trade secrets"] Theft of trade secrets**: — Theft of trade secrets (a) Whoever, with intent to convert a trade secret, that is related to a product or service used in or intended for use in interstate… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1839. — Definitions"] - **Definitions"] Definitions**: — Definitions As used in this chapter— (1) the term “foreign instrumentality” means any agency, bureau, ministry, component, institution, association, or any… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1837. — Applicability to conduct outside the United States"] - **Applicability to conduct outside the United States"] Applicability to conduct outside the United States**: — Applicability to conduct outside the United States This chapter also applies to conduct occurring outside the United States if— (1) the offender is a natural… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1834. — Criminal forfeiture"] - **Criminal forfeiture"] Criminal forfeiture**: — Criminal forfeiture Forfeiture, destruction, and restitution relating to this chapter shall be subject to section 2323, to the extent provided in that… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1833. — Exceptions to prohibitions"] - **Exceptions to prohibitions"] Exceptions to prohibitions**: — Exceptions to prohibitions (3) Notice.— (A) In general .— An employer shall provide notice of the immunity set forth in this subsection in any contract or… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1839. — Definitions"] - **Definitions"] Definitions**: — Definitions (5) the term “misappropriation” means— (A) acquisition of a trade secret of another by a person who knows or has reason to know that the trade… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1836. — Civil proceedings"] - **Civil proceedings"] Civil proceedings**: — Civil proceedings (2) Civil seizure.— (A) In general.— (i) Application .— Based on an affidavit or verified complaint satisfying the requirements of this… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1839. — Definitions"] - **Definitions"] Definitions**: — Definitions (7) the term “Trademark Act of 1946” means the Act entitled “An Act to provide for the registration and protection of trademarks used in… ### ["Title 18 — CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE", "PART I — CRIMES", "CHAPTER 90 — PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS", "§ 1836. — Civil proceedings"] - **Civil proceedings"] Civil proceedings**: — Civil proceedings subparagraph (D); (iv) provide guidance to the law enforcement officials executing the seizure that clearly delineates the scope of the… --- Consilena is a software provider, not a law firm. 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